References

Additional References

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• Best, B. J., T. Heijnen, and R. S. R. Williams (1997). A Guide to Bird-watching in Ecuador and the Galápagos Islands. Biosphere Publications Ltd, Otley, UK.
• Bloch, H., M. K. Poulsen, C. Rahbek, and J. F. Rasmussen (1991). A Survey of the Montane Forest Avifauna of the Loja Province, Southern Ecuador. ICBP Study Report 49. Cambridge, UK.
• Butler, T. Y. (1979). The Birds of Ecuador and the Galapagos Archipelago. The Ramphastos Agency, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA.
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• Restrepo, C. (1990). Ecology and Cooperative Breeding in a Frugivorous Bird, Semnornis ramphastinus. MSc thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
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• Restrepo, C. and Mondragón, M.L. (1988). Historia Natural de Semnornis ramphastinus (Aves: Capitonidae), una Especie Vulnerable. Informe Final FEN, Bogotá.
• Restrepo, C. and Mondragón, M.L. (1998). Cooperative breeding in the frugivorous Toucan Barbet (Semnornis ramphastinus). Auk. 115(1): 4-15.
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Barker, F.K., and S.M. Lanyon. 2000. The impact of parsimony weighting schemes on inferred relationships among toucans and Neotropical barbets (Aves: Piciformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 15: 215-234.

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Buckio, B. 2011. Prong-billed Barbet (Semnornis frantzii). T.S. Schulenberg (editor), Neotropical Birds Online (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York.

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Donegan, T.M., and L.M. Dávalos. 1999. Ornithological observations from Reserva Natural Tambito, Cauca, south-west Colombia. Cotinga 12: 48-55.

Freile, J.F., and J.A. Chaves. 2004. Interesting distributional records and notes on the biology of bird species from a cloud forest reserve in north-west Ecuador. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 124: 6-16.

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Hilty, S.L., and W.L. Brown. 1986. A guide to the birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

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Maddison, D. R. and K.-S. Schulz (eds.) (2007). The Tree of Life Web Project. Taken October 13, 2013 from http://tolweb.org

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Miller, A.H. 1963. Seasonal activity and ecology of the avifauna of an American equatorial cloud forest. University of California Publications in Zoology 66: 1-178.

Moyle, R.G. 2004. Phylogenetics of barbets (Aves: Piciformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 30:187-200.

Patané, J.S., J.D. Weckstein, A. Aleixo, and J.M. Bates. 2009. Evolutionary history of Ramphastos toucans: molecular phylogenetics, temporal diversification, and biogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53: 923-934.

Patel, S., J.D. Weckstein, J.S.L. Patané, J.M. Bates, and A. Aleixo. 2011. Temporal and spatial diversification of Pteroglossus araçaris (AVES: Ramphastidae) in the neotropics: constant rate of diversification does not support an increase in radiation during the Pleistocene. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 58: 105-115.

Prum, R.O. 1988. Phylogenetic interrelationships of the barbets (Aves: Capitonidae) and toucans (Aves: Ramphastidae) based on morphology with comparisons to DNA-DNA hybridization. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 92: 313-343.

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Renjifo, L.M., A.M. Franco-Maya, J.D. Amaya-Espinel, G.H. Kattan, and B. López-Lanús (editors). 2002. Libro Rojo de Aves de Colombia. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia.

Restrepo, C. 1990. Ecology and cooperative breeding in a frugivorous bird, Toucan Barbets. M.S. thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville. [not seen; cited by Resrepo and Mondragón 1998 and Short and Horne 2001]

Restrepo, C., and M.L. Mondragón. 1998. Cooperative breeding in the frugivorous Toucan Barbet (Semnornis ramphastinus). Auk 115: 4-15.

Ridgely, R.S., and P.J. Greenfield. 2001a. The birds of Ecuador: status, distribution, and taxonomy. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.

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