Systematics

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Both subspecies, martii and semirufus, are identical in coloration and pattern; semirufus is larger and retains racquets. Pale and dark variants of martii are not geographically based (Snow 2001).

The following taxonomic information derives from Snow (2001):

Rufous and Rufous-capped Motmots (Baryphthengus ruficapillus) formerly were considered as conspecific, although differences in vocalizations and in plumage suggest that they warrant species status; these two may constitute a superspecies, however.

Populations in Nicaragua and Costa Rica were formerly considered distinct as subspecies Baryphthengus martii costaricensis, based on minor plumage differences and larger size. Subsequently, much overlap was found with Baryphthengus martii semirufus from Panama to Colombia so these populations are now considered inseparable.

• Amazonian x Rufous Motmot (hybrid) Momotus momota x Baryphthengus martii

No fossils reported of this species. A motmot-like Oligocene fossil from Switzerland, Protornis, is suggestive of an Old World origin for the family (Snow 2001).