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Bolivian Brushfinch Atlapetes rufinucha Scientific name definitions

Alvaro Jaramillo
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2011

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Introduction

The Rufous-naped Brush-Finch is of course a member of the “Rufous-naped” complex of brush-finches. However, molecular work has recently divided many of the components of this complex into species, some of them are actually not all that closely related to each other. The complex is then made up of birds which look alike, but are not necessarily relatives. Due to the complexity of the taxonomy, and the overall confusion created by the name Rufous-naped, it has been suggested recently that rufinucha should perhaps be given the name Bolivian Brush-Finch as it is endemic to Bolivia; this would clarify confusion. The “Bolivian” Brush-Finch is dark greenish above with blackish wings and tail; the underparts are entirely yellow. As is classic in this complex, the face is blackish and this contrasts with a bright rusty crown stripe; there is also a yellow supraloral spot on the face that looks like a small eyebrow. Somewhat complicated is that northernmost populations in La Paz Department show dark scalloping on the breast, suggesting there may be some hybridization or gene flow with the more northerly Black-faced Brush-Finch; this bears closer study. The song is a simple and pleasant “Tweew ChEEEW!” or “cheuu tch-weEEE” separated by 4-7 seconds of silence before being repeated again. This finch is found in forest edge and shrub situations between 1200 and 3600 in elevation.

Field Identification

17 cm; 20·9–22·2 g. Nominate race has blackish forehead, striking rufous crown to nape; face blackish, accented by bright yellow supraloral spot, yellow mousta­chial area contrasting strongly with blackish colour; upperparts blackish, rump with greenish wash; tail blackish, edged olive; upperwing blackish, flight-feathers edged olive; throat bright yellow, contrasting bold blackish malar stripe; otherwise yellow below, with side of breast and flanks washed greenish; iris dark reddish; bill black; legs blackish-grey. Sexes alike. Juvenile is browner above than adult, washed brown on breast and flanks, and obscurely streaked below. Race carrikeri is smaller than nominate, more olive-greenish above, and lacks yellow supraloral.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Often considered conspecific with A. latinuchus, and both were originally considered part of a wider complex that included also A. terborghi and A. melanolaemus, although recent studies suggest that various components of this group may not be each other’s closest relatives. Has been suggested that all of these species, and A. schistaceus, are related in a complex manner, with yellow coloration lost or gained in a “leap-frog” pattern, such that taxa which do not look alike may in fact be closely related to each other. One specimen of present species from La Paz exhibits dark scalloping on breast, approaching A. melanolaemus; unclear if this is a variation in nominate race or due to gene flow between the two species. Name “Buarremon melanops” refers to specimens apparently assignable to nominate form of present species. Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Atlapetes rufinucha rufinucha Scientific name definitions

Distribution

subtropical zone of Andes of La Paz and Cochabamba, in WC Bolivia.

SUBSPECIES

Atlapetes rufinucha carrikeri Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Andes of Santa Cruz, in C Bolivia.

Hybridization

Hybrid Records and Media Contributed to eBird

  • Black-faced x Bolivian Brushfinch (hybrid) Atlapetes melanolaemus x rufinucha

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Edge of montane forest, and in moist highland thickets, overgrown pastures and second growth, and edges of Yungas forest; at 1200–3600 m.

Movement

Resident.

Diet and Foraging

Insufficient information on diet. Forages on and near ground. Usually found in pairs or family groups.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Song relatively simple, loud and often includes inflected or modulated notes at end, each song c. 1 second in duration, songs separated by 4–7 seconds, “Tweew Chéééw!” or “cheuu tch-weééé”. Calls include high “zziiip”.

Breeding

Birds in breeding condition in Dec–Feb. No other information.
Not globally threatened. Fairly common to common. Given its abundance, and adequately large range, this species is considered not to be at any immediate risk. As it prefers edge habitats, it may benefit from disturbance of montane forests.

About the Author(s)

Alvaro began birding as an 11 year old in Canada, and eventually trained in Evolutionary Ecology studying, creatures as varied as leaf-cutter ants and Argentine cowbirds. But his career has been focused on birding tourism, both as a guide and owner of his tour company, as well as a avitourism consultant to various organizations. He is the author of Birds of Chile, New World Blackbirds: The Icterids, as well as the ABA Field Guide to the birds of California. He lives in Half Moon Bay, California where he is known for his pelagic birding trips. Email: alvaro@alvarosadventures.com.


Distribution of the Bolivian Brushfinch - Range Map
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Distribution of the Bolivian Brushfinch

Recommended Citation

Jaramillo, A. (2020). Bolivian Brushfinch (Atlapetes rufinucha), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.rnbfin1.01
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