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Plain-winged Antwren Myrmotherula behni Scientific name definitions

Kevin Zimmer and Morton L. Isler
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2003

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Introduction

The Plain-winged Antwren is suspected to be most closely related to the Ashy Antwren (Myrmotherula grisea) of the southern tropical Andes, on account of their similar vocalizations, habitat preferences, and morphology. Males are principally gray above and below, with a broad black throat patch, and females are largely warm brown, becoming more olive over the crown, with a duskier tail and a pale throat. The species possesses a highly disjunct range, in the pantepui region of southern Venezuela, adjacent northernmost Brazil, and the Guianas, with a dramatically isolated, and probably much smaller, population in south-central Colombia to northeast Ecuador. Throughout this overall range, the Plain-winged Antwren inhabits the lower and mid strata of montane and foothill forest. Four subspecies are generally recognized, and these differ most noticeably in females.

Field Identification

9·5 cm; 1 female 7·9 g. Male nominate race is grey, darker on wings; chin to centre of throat and upper breast black; underwing-coverts grey. Female has crown and upperparts olivaceous brown, tail slightly duskier, throat whitish, underparts drab olive-buff. Race yavii male is darker, female rear underparts dark olive-buff, darkest on flanks; camanii is paler than previous, female underparts less brown-looking; inornata is larger, male darker with more extensive black throat patch, female upperparts rufescent brown, rear underparts olivaceous brown.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Appears to be closely related to M. grisea on basis of habitat and vocalizations, also to M. unicolor and M. snowi of Brazilian Atlantic Forest, the four together termed the “Plain-winged Myrmotherula group”. They are often grouped with the “grey antwren assemblage” (see M. axillaris). Four subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Myrmotherula behni yavii Scientific name definitions

Distribution

S Venezuela (NW Bolívar, Amazonas except Cerro Camani) and adjacent Brazil (extreme N Amazonas).

SUBSPECIES

Myrmotherula behni camanii Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Cerro Camani, in N Amazonas (Venezuela).

SUBSPECIES

Myrmotherula behni inornata Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Venezuela (SE Bolívar), adjacent Brazil (extreme N Roraima) and Guyana (Pakaraima Mts (1) ); observations from French Guiana require confirmation.

SUBSPECIES

Myrmotherula behni behni Scientific name definitions

Distribution

locally on E Andean slope in SC Colombia (Meta) and E Ecuador (Sucumbíos to Zamora-Chinchipe).

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Understorey and mid-storey of montane and foothill evergreen forest; 800–1600 m in Colombia and Ecuador, most common at c. 1000 m in Ecuador; 1000–1850 m in Venezuela and adjacent Brazil, most common at 1800–1850 m on Cerro de la Neblina. Observations from Ecuador suggest that species favours damp ravines with patches of bamboo (Guadua) in undisturbed forest.

Movement

Presumed resident.

Diet and Foraging

Not well known; all information from Ecuador. Feeds on small insects, probably also spiders. Forages in pairs, individually, or in family groups, almost always with mixed flocks of other insectivores, including (locally) up to 5 congeneric species. In areas of forest with dense, interlocking understorey, seems to forage mostly 1–3 m above ground; in more open understorey tends to feed higher, 4–10 m. Forages actively, hopping and hitching along slender limbs, peering at undersides of leaves; frequently hangs acrobatically sideways or upside-down at tips or margins of leaves, often maintaining hanging position for several seconds while craning the neck to scan foliage. Prey gleaned by reaching, hanging, and short lunging stabs; occasionally by short flutter-chases. About 50% of all foraging manoeuvres directed at arboreal dead leaves, both single ones and small clusters; proportion of dead-leaf searching higher when foraging low in understorey than when in mid-storey; does not seem to manipulate dead leaves, so probably best classed as a regular, non-specialist user of dead leaves.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Known only from Ecuador. Loudsong a series of simple, slightly downslurred notes on approximately same pitch (c. 4 kHz), notes longer than intervals (e.g. 9 notes, 4·5 seconds). Calls include sharp “wheet” and variably downslurred or upslurred squeals; calls sometimes repeated in pairs.

Breeding

Nothing known.
Not globally threatened. Rare and patchily distributed throughout its range. Reported sight records of race inornata from near sea-level in Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana require substantiation; species normally occurs at much higher elevations. Most recent records from Ecuador have been from Volcán Sumaco region, part of which is protected by the Sumaco-Galeras National Park. The species is also known from a number of tepuis in Venezuela, several of which fall within the boundaries of various parks and reserves (e.g. Alto Orinoco-Casiquiare Biosphere Reserve, and Canaíma, La Neblina, Duida and Jaua-Sarisariñama National Parks), and all of which have been recently declared national monuments. More survey work is needed in order better to elucidate the distribution, ecology and conservation needs of this poorly known species.
Distribution of the Plain-winged Antwren - Range Map
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Distribution of the Plain-winged Antwren

Recommended Citation

Zimmer, K. and M.L. Isler (2020). Plain-winged Antwren (Myrmotherula behni), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.plwant2.01
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