Distribution in the Americas
Pale-vented Pigeon is resident from southern Mexico south to northern Argentina, Paraguay, and southern Brazil. The distribution is restricted to the Atlantic slope from Mexico south to Nicaragua, but it occurs on the Pacific slope of Costa Rica and Panama. 
Pale-vented Pigeon primarily occurs in the lowlands; the elevational distribution extends, locally, up to 1600 m in Peru (Schulenberg et al. 2010) and up to 1800 m in Bolivia (Hennessey et al. 2003).
Pale-vented Pigeon generally occurs in forest edge habitats and secondary growth (Land 1970). This species appears to favor deforested land to extensively forest habitat, avoiding even suitable habitat in regions that are densely forested (Slud 1964). The habitat also is described as forest edge and lake and river margins (Schulenberg et al. 2010). Pale-vented Pigeon is common in mangrove swamps and suburban areas with abundant tree growth. They often remain high in the trees, coming to the ground only to drink from streams (Wetmore 1968).