Until recently, the Fine-barred Piculet was considered to be an east Peruvian endemic; however, it has been discovered at multiple sites in extreme southwest Brazil. In terms of its altitudinal range, this piculet ranges from the Amazonian lowlands to approximately 1000 m in the foothills of the Andes. Largely olive above, with a black crown in females (red and black in males), a buffy-colored chin, and grayish underparts finely barred darker, it is a generally uncommon and extremely poorly known bird. Virtually nothing has been published concerning any aspect of the Fine-barred Piculet’s behavior. It possibly hybridizes with the Plain-breasted Piculet (Picumnus castelnau), although this remains unconfirmed to date.